Reunification is the process where a child in care returns to live with their birth family. It is the most common way for children to leave the care system in England, with approximately 27% to 29% of children exiting care returning to their birth parents or relatives.
As someone who has navigated the complexities of life story work and the care system, I know that “coming home” is more than just a change of address—it is a profound emotional journey for the child, the family, and the professionals involved.
Table Of Contents
What Makes Reunification Successful?
Successful reunification means a child remains at home safely and does not need to re-enter care. Evidence suggests that the most stable returns are built on:
- Robust Assessment: A thorough evaluation of the child’s needs and the birth family’s circumstances.
- Gradual Transition: Allowing the child to return home slowly through a planned schedule of increasing “family time” (contact), including overnight stays.
- Long-Term Support: Having the right services in place for the family for at least 12 months after the return.
- Collaborative Planning: Ensuring the child, birth family, foster carers, and social workers are all working toward the same goal.
Why is the Process So Careful?
You might wonder why the process takes so long. Research shows that without proper planning, up to two-thirds of children who return home re-enter care within five years. To prevent this “oscillation” in and out of care, social workers focus on:
- Parenting Capacity: Assessing if the original problems (such as substance misuse or domestic issues) have been addressed and sustained.
- Child’s Voice: Using direct work to understand the child’s wishes and feelings about returning home.
- Stability: Ensuring the family has adequate housing and financial stability to support the child.
FAQs: Common Questions About Reunification
How long does the reunification process take?
There is no fixed timeline. It depends on the legal status of the child (e.g., Section 20 vs. Section 31) and the progress made in the family’s support plan. A well-managed return is typically “slow and purposeful” to ensure it lasts.
What is the role of a foster carer during reunification?
Foster carers are vital “bridge-builders.” They support the child by speaking positively about the birth family and sharing “daily life” insights (routines, interests) with the parents to make the transition smoother.
What happens if the return home doesn’t work?
If a return becomes unsafe, a contingency plan is acted upon. The priority is always the child’s immediate safety and emotional well-being.
Tips for Professionals and Families
For Professionals: Focus on “restorative practice.” Use Family Group Conferences to build a support network around the family before the child moves back.
For Families: Be open and honest with your social worker about what support you need. Whether it’s help with housing or emotional support, asking early can prevent crises later.
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